In all honestly, this could be the reason The Paranet Papers are still in the works.
1) Based on the sample chapters we've seen, this seems likely (given the upcoming chapter on the Russian Revolution, and info on post-Changes Paranet.) I wouldn't expect a full write-up, as even Harry doesn't always know the full scope of things.
2) I hope they will, but I'm expecting upper-medium weight class. Jim loves to show previously un-found abilities for his heavyweights repeatedly. It's easier to wait for them to be dead before writing them up. On the other hand, this has been a continual request on-site, and we know Fred reads this site.
3) Same as 2.
4) My answer for macro-magic is covered by 2. As for counterspelling, we see Dresden do more deflection than counterspelling. I know there are a few cases of direct counterspelling, but I can't think of them off-hand. If it's covered, my money is on some sort of "combat thaumaturgy". For detect magic spells, we don't actually see Dresden do a lot of this, unless it's a tracking spell. Some supernatural predators have sensory abilities that are similar, or couple be amped up.
5) I think there's a chapter covering a part of it in the next book. Cold Days added a little too.