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McAnally's (The Community Pub) => Author Craft => Topic started by: Aminar on August 15, 2012, 03:11:20 AM

Title: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 15, 2012, 03:11:20 AM
When you're writing villains do you ever feel bad for making them do what they do?  I just wrote a scene that has my stomach turning, despite the fact it isn't truly explicit, and I'm not sure I'm comfortable with it.

Basic summary
Sociopath assassin pulls an inmate from an asylum to help him.  Said inmate is a bodyshifter(Can heal himself and shift the properties of his body as he wills(Muscle mass and the like))  The bodyshifter is mentally incapable(Lacking in some crucial bits of sanity).  He's also a masochist that learned the golden rule very very well.  The sociopath is using the mentally deficient man as a tool of murder and mayhem and it feels so horribly wrong, but it works so well.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: superpsycho on August 15, 2012, 04:12:12 AM
If you're revolted by them, think how the reader will react, if you've communicated your feelings effectively in the work.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Lanodantheon on August 15, 2012, 05:57:20 AM
When writing you have to balance/decide between what makes you comfortable as an author and what the story needs.


When I write/plan out villains, I think about something  the DC Comics writers said, "The greater the villain, the greater the hero."


So, I personally see Villains and whatever twisted stuff they do as a means to end. My characters work for me after all.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: LizW65 on August 15, 2012, 01:14:09 PM
And remember, villains don't think of themselves as villains.  As far as they're concerned, they're the heroes of their own stories, the good guys, doing battle against your evil, oppressive hero. ;)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 15, 2012, 01:54:10 PM
Or in this case a mercenary with a grudge against a hero.  No illusions about doing the right thing...  Just really hates the hero.  I don't buy into sane evil people but I do buy into selfish petty violent people given too much power doing evil things because they can.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Dresdenus Prime on August 15, 2012, 03:32:16 PM
Interesting you posted this question, I just read an article on www.ign.com recently about supervillians in movies. The article goes into some detail about what makes them great, and while it mainly deals with the cinematic supervillian, I think there is some good stuff there that is helpful in the literary villian as well!

Here's the link to the page:

http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/08/12/the-rise-of-the-supervillain
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 15, 2012, 03:35:36 PM
And remember, villains don't think of themselves as villains.  As far as they're concerned, they're the heroes of their own stories, the good guys, doing battle against your evil, oppressive hero. ;)

Mostly, yes.

I've known three people in real life who were consciously doing "evil be thou my good" as an avowed philosophy and deriving pleasure directly from messing up other people's lives, and done enough helping clean up the resultant messes to have a bit of a hot button on the notion that everyone is the hero of our own story.  (As well as the feeling that for a goodly chunk of my own life I'm much more a spear-carrier in the story, and the Thing Which I Should Be Working On is among other things an experiment with that.)

With regard to writing villains, though, maybe it's nearing forty, but I am kind of getting tired of villains who do something despicable as a cheap and simple way of polarising reader sympathies; that story's been done and done and done.  I'm much more drawn at this point to conflicts where both sides are as close to equally sympathetic as I can make them.  (This is hard.)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 15, 2012, 04:48:23 PM
With regard to writing villains, though, maybe it's nearing forty, but I am kind of getting tired of villains who do something despicable as a cheap and simple way of polarising reader sympathies; that story's been done and done and done.  I'm much more drawn at this point to conflicts where both sides are as close to equally sympathetic as I can make them.  (This is hard.)

Would it be equally as hard to be equally sympathetic (or possibly harder yet) if you hadn't had that spear-carrier feeling?

(I'm working on the idea that people with a strong sense of agency IRL would not be equally disposed to be sympathetic to both sides in fiction as those with a sense of being in the back of the phalanx.  At this juncture I don't have a clear sense of which way that inequality would tilt).
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 15, 2012, 05:24:59 PM
Would it be equally as hard to be equally sympathetic (or possibly harder yet) if you hadn't had that spear-carrier feeling?

Hard to tell.

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(I'm working on the idea that people with a strong sense of agency IRL would not be equally disposed to be sympathetic to both sides in fiction as those with a sense of being in the back of the phalanx.  At this juncture I don't have a clear sense of which way that inequality would tilt).

I think an awful lot of people have stronger senses of agency than their lives actually support, and i am a long way from comfortable with many of the consequences of this.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 15, 2012, 09:36:02 PM
Mostly, yes.

I've known three people in real life who were consciously doing "evil be thou my good" as an avowed philosophy and deriving pleasure directly from messing up other people's lives, and done enough helping clean up the resultant messes to have a bit of a hot button on the notion that everyone is the hero of our own story.  (As well as the feeling that for a goodly chunk of my own life I'm much more a spear-carrier in the story, and the Thing Which I Should Be Working On is among other things an experiment with that.)

With regard to writing villains, though, maybe it's nearing forty, but I am kind of getting tired of villains who do something despicable as a cheap and simple way of polarising reader sympathies; that story's been done and done and done.  I'm much more drawn at this point to conflicts where both sides are as close to equally sympathetic as I can make them.  (This is hard.)

I'm in a way just the opposite.  I'm tired of stories that are so realistic I can't derive joy from reading them.  I don't read to feel reality, I live in it.  I deal with some of the worst of it(via my job) every day.  Why would I want my free time devoted to that?  At the same time I try to mix the two.  I have evil people.  I have good people.  I have evil people doing good and good people doing evil.  A story can and should have both.  Otherwise you end up with either Game of Thrones level depressing or cartoon level cliche villainy. 
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Gilitine_Memitim on August 15, 2012, 09:37:36 PM
My hero's are rarely actually "good", they usually exist in a gray area. As for my villians some are simply twisted and others actually have good reasons for their thinking.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 12:58:32 AM
I'm in a way just the opposite.  I'm tired of stories that are so realistic I can't derive joy from reading them.  I don't read to feel reality, I live in it.  I deal with some of the worst of it(via my job) every day.  Why would I want my free time devoted to that?

The balance I look for is plausibly uplifting.  Without a certain amount of plausibility, all the good things in the world won't cheer me up.

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Otherwise you end up with either Game of Thrones level depressing or cartoon level cliche villainy.

mmm. Game of Thrones striking you as depressing makes it clear that we're looking at things from different angles; I'm with Iain Banks on the standard for a happy ending being "not everybody is dead", and GoT is well short of my depressing threshold.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: trboturtle on August 16, 2012, 01:08:57 AM
I see it this way -- evil has a goal and will do anything to acheive that goal, Need to seige a city and kill everyone inside? Evil does it. Need a super weapon and the only person who can create the weapons don't want to have anything to do with you? Grab his daughter and give him the orders. A little old lady between you and a fortune? A shove down the stairs.

In short, Evil will do anything it can to do its thing. Most heroes have some sort of line they won't step over. Evil had only the restrictions that have been palced upon by someone with grater power than them and even then, Evil is looking for loopholes (Reason why Lawyers are mistaken for being all evil (Actually only 99% of lawyers are evil -- the other 1% are shoved into political office where they can do little harm...))

Inshort, evil is power without much restraint (For the most part) Good have some rules to follow, even if they are flexable...

Craig
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 16, 2012, 01:36:00 AM
The balance I look for is plausibly uplifting.  Without a certain amount of plausibility, all the good things in the world won't cheer me up.

mmm. Game of Thrones striking you as depressing makes it clear that we're looking at things from different angles; I'm with Iain Banks on the standard for a happy ending being "not everybody is dead", and GoT is well short of my depressing threshold.

I make a living off of empathy-my sympathy gene is way over-active.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 16, 2012, 02:51:26 AM
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I'm in a way just the opposite.  I'm tired of stories that are so realistic I can't derive joy from reading them.  I don't read to feel reality, I live in it.  I deal with some of the worst of it(via my job) every day.  Why would I want my free time devoted to that?  At the same time I try to mix the two.  I have evil people.  I have good people.  I have evil people doing good and good people doing evil.  A story can and should have both.  Otherwise you end up with either Game of Thrones level depressing or cartoon level cliche villainy. 

I would have to agree with this at least for the most part. Specifically I tire of reading horrific stories with disgusting endings that are defended by people saying, "That's how real life works." I can read the newspaper if I want to read about people doing horrible things to each other and getting away with it. When I read a book, I want a little fantasy, a little triumph of good. I want to put the book down and feel good about life for at least a few minutes until I hear the latest news about whatever new trajedy is in the news.

Having said that I would partially agree with Neurovore. There has to be plausibility. There also has to be tension. Evil has to be successful enough, at least for a while, that I can feel some fear that the hero will die or at least be permanently scarred. I guess it just doesn't take as much grief and depression to make a story plausible to me as some folks require.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 16, 2012, 03:35:16 AM

I am the opposite there - making me read about unrelieved triumph of good is like making me eat a pound of rock candy - cloying, nauseating, intellectually fattening.    Even in small doses it is like cheap sweets - a quick rush followed by a low more depressing than before the start.    More depressing because there is also the same self hatred after cheap indulgence that a trying-to-quit smoker gets after a cheat cigarette.

Triumph of good is also logically suspect - 'good' and 'evil' labels are more properly applied when consequences are known (or when the victors write history) -  so during-the-fact  cheering of a 'good' hero to me smells of bureaucratic artifice and causality violation both.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 16, 2012, 12:54:26 PM
Right and wrong aren't that hard to see in a narrative.  And the point of fiction is to escape like the point of candy is to taste good.  If those things make you feel guilty you might want to look at why.  Neither of those things is wrong when it doesn't hinder your ability to manage life.  If indulging for short amounts of time makes you feel guilty you likely stress yourself out overmuch.  If so, don't worry so much.  Enjoy life.  It isn't incredibly long and most of it isn't fun.(I apologize if this offends.  Like I said.  My empathy gene is overactive and the comments worried me.)

Besides which, everybody could use some good old fashioned heroic altruism beat into their brains.  If everyone were aimed at helping people the world would be a much better place. 
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 02:16:19 PM
I see it this way -- evil has a goal and will do anything to acheive that goal, Need to seige a city and kill everyone inside? Evil does it. Need a super weapon and the only person who can create the weapons don't want to have anything to do with you? Grab his daughter and give him the orders. A little old lady between you and a fortune? A shove down the stairs.

In short, Evil will do anything it can to do its thing. Most heroes have some sort of line they won't step over.

I can't really go with this one; it works for a sort of chaotic take of evil, but it leaves out a whole range of plausible options for characters who have solidly defined moral compasses, and clear lines as to what they will and won't do, which lead them to evil acts.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 02:26:08 PM
I would have to agree with this at least for the most part. Specifically I tire of reading horrific stories with disgusting endings that are defended by people saying, "That's how real life works."

Thing is, that particular defence of a nihilist story doesn't work for me because real life also has wonderful stuff in; anyone who claims it does not will lose me.

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Having said that I would partially agree with Neurovore. There has to be plausibility. There also has to be tension. Evil has to be successful enough, at least for a while, that I can feel some fear that the hero will die or at least be permanently scarred.

I don't think dying is the relevant scale for me; there has to be a real possibility that the hero will fail at whatever their goal is; and for a hero in a long series, that possibility is not going to feel real unless the hero actually does fail some of the time.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 16, 2012, 02:32:13 PM
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I don't think dying is the relevant scale for me; there has to be a real possibility that the hero will fail at whatever their goal is; and for a hero in a long series, that possibility is not going to feel real unless the hero actually does fail some of the time.

I oversimplified. You put it in much better terms. I agree completely.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 02:45:49 PM
Right and wrong aren't that hard to see in a narrative.

If you mean that the moral polarity of good and evil espoused by a work of fiction is usually pretty straightforward to derive from the text, fair enough in many cases; if you want to argue good and evil as being self-evident, I'll part ways with you there.  (Harry Dresden and Mr. Spock are both generally taken to be heroes, but they have radically different positions on the notion of the greatest good of the greatest number, for example.)  It may well be a consequence of growing up in an environment where both my perceived politics/ethnicity and my perceived sexuality were things which some people around me were willing to be very negative on based on their zealously held takes on good and evil, up to and including risk of serious violence, but if you give me a text that suggests good and evil are obvious to all right-thinking people, I will find it untrustworthy and repellent.

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And the point of fiction is to escape like the point of candy is to taste good.  If those things make you feel guilty you might want to look at why.  Neither of those things is wrong when it doesn't hinder your ability to manage life.

I'm with Professor Tolkien when he said that the word for people who object to escapism is jailers, but I'm rejecting the notion of a black-and-white setting where good and evil are clearly laid out as one there's any appeal for me in escaping to; in that kind of setting, I always feel I'd be one of the people hanging from a lamp-post for not buying into the relevant notion of good.

I'd much rather escape to a rich and complicated banquet with lots of different and interesting food than to a heaped pile of refined sugar.

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Enjoy life.  It isn't incredibly long and most of it isn't fun.

If that's the case for you, you have my sympathies.  I've been able to get to a point where rather a lot of mine is, and not by doing anything that seems impossibly difficult for many other people to do.

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Besides which, everybody could use some good old fashioned heroic altruism beat into their brains.

Applying a statement like that to people who have no self-confidence already and who are full of self-loathing because of constantly being held to impossible standards, for example, is a fairly straightforward way for a simple take on good to generate suffering as a byproduct in ways that work for me as evil.  That's not one I intend to write much about myself, because I'm rather too close to it personally, but it's a useful source of conflict in a story somewhat more sophisticated than merely light versus dark.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 02:47:47 PM
I oversimplified. You put it in much better terms. I agree completely.

Thank you.

Thinking about it, there are any number of stories in which a heroic day-saving victory though self-sacrifice counts as a win; and I can buy that as an element, but a world where every single death is glorious self-sacrifice than wins something worthwhile isn't going to be one I can believe in enough to take any comfort in.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 16, 2012, 03:10:17 PM
(click to show/hide)

First of all I would say again that some of this is just about personal taste. I don't expect everyone to like or dislike the same things that I do. Having said that, I do have somewhat specific tastes. I have to like the hero and I have to buy into the hero's value system at least for the duration of the story. That does not always mean that they have to have the same value system that I do. I loved the TV series Dexter (at least the early seasons) and like the hero. I can buy into his value system in the show even though it is very far from mine. On the other hand there was a book that was highly recommended by some of the people on this site. (I'm not going to say the name or author because I'm not trying to be insulting or cast stones.) The book was well written with a good magical system and a fast paced story. The hero, however, was whining and ineffective and showed mercy to the most vile people while killing innocent people without a second thought. I hated the book. Most who read it apparently loved it. I just couldn't like the hero and for me that ruins the book.
  I should add that the same is not always true for short stories. I have read masterfully done short stories where I didn't like the main character and didn't agree with his or her value system. I guess I can only handle that sort of thing in small doses.   

Oops. Used the spoiler instead of the quote function
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 16, 2012, 05:41:31 PM
If you mean that the moral polarity of good and evil espoused by a work of fiction is usually pretty straightforward to derive from the text, fair enough in many cases; if you want to argue good and evil as being self-evident, I'll part ways with you there.  (Harry Dresden and Mr. Spock are both generally taken to be heroes, but they have radically different positions on the notion of the greatest good of the greatest number, for example.)  It may well be a consequence of growing up in an environment where both my perceived politics/ethnicity and my perceived sexuality were things which some people around me were willing to be very negative on based on their zealously held takes on good and evil, up to and including risk of serious violence, but if you give me a text that suggests good and evil are obvious to all right-thinking people, I will find it untrustworthy and repellent.

I'm with Professor Tolkien when he said that the word for people who object to escapism is jailers, but I'm rejecting the notion of a black-and-white setting where good and evil are clearly laid out as one there's any appeal for me in escaping to; in that kind of setting, I always feel I'd be one of the people hanging from a lamp-post for not buying into the relevant notion of good.

I'd much rather escape to a rich and complicated banquet with lots of different and interesting food than to a heaped pile of refined sugar.

If that's the case for you, you have my sympathies.  I've been able to get to a point where rather a lot of mine is, and not by doing anything that seems impossibly difficult for many other people to do.

Applying a statement like that to people who have no self-confidence already and who are full of self-loathing because of constantly being held to impossible standards, for example, is a fairly straightforward way for a simple take on good to generate suffering as a byproduct in ways that work for me as evil.  That's not one I intend to write much about myself, because I'm rather too close to it personally, but it's a useful source of conflict in a story somewhat more sophisticated than merely light versus dark.

No, I'm saying that right and wrong are different from good and evil.  RIght and wrong are self evident in literature.  Good and evil are totally different.
I would say they exist on an axis based on the effect of an action.

Take action A.  Save a mans life.  It's the right thing.

Later on you find out that by saving his life you allowed him to go on and continue being a serial killer.  The result of your action was evil despite it being the right thing. The axis is pretty self evident from there(and I'm using an extreme example to highlight how I see things.)

Heroes typically do the right thing.  Villains can too.

Now-My definition of a hero vs a villain.

Hero:  Someone who foregoes, to an extent, their personal desires to help others lives improve(or maintain).

Villain:  Somebody that purposefully puts their personal desires before the good of others frequently and without care.

Insanity throws a few wrenches in here, ones I am exploring via my current project. 
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 16, 2012, 05:53:36 PM
No, I'm saying that right and wrong are different from good and evil.  RIght and wrong are self evident in literature.  Good and evil are totally different.
I would say they exist on an axis based on the effect of an action.
Take action A.  Save a mans life.  It's the right thing.
Later on you find out that by saving his life you allowed him to go on and continue being a serial killer.  The result of your action was evil despite it being the right thing. The axis is pretty self evident from there(and I'm using an extreme example to highlight how I see things.)

OK.  From my perspective that kind of objective use of right and wrong as terminology is every bit as uncomfortable as good and evil, and to save the life of a serial killer such that he continues killing is not by any means defensible as doing the right thing; some of my writing is exploring that, because I am tired of characters who make judgements based on what appears immediately right and wrong before their noses without considering the longer-term consequences.

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Hero:  Someone who foregoes, to an extent, their personal desires to help others lives improve(or maintain).
Villain:  Somebody that purposefully puts their personal desires before the good of others frequently and without care.

Would depend a lot to me on what the personal desires are, and how accurately the good of others is seen.  I mean, where would you count a character whose personal primary motivation is To Be A Good Person, and who goes around helping other people out of the purely selfish desire to count as someone good ?  (Not hypocritically or to be perceived as good in the community, but to be able to honestly see themselves as sincerely and genuinely good ?)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 16, 2012, 06:06:12 PM
Right and wrong aren't that hard to see in a narrative. 

In some narratives, that is true.   I don't like narratives where that is true.   

And that brings us full circle to the start of the thread - do you want  your villain to be perceptible as being wrong?  Or do you want to be able to see him as a second hero with differing goals?   I find that the latter is very much something I prefer.

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And the point of fiction is to escape like the point of candy is to taste good.

Well, I would also argue that the primary point of some fiction is very much not to escape but rather at least a dozen other things (to satirize? to provide enabling emotional language to a reader in analogous situations? to make political points? to examine hypothetical notions for their own sake?)    Escapism is then secondary.

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  If those things make you feel guilty you might want to look at why.  Neither of those things is wrong when it doesn't hinder your ability to manage life.  If indulging for short amounts of time makes you feel guilty you likely stress yourself out overmuch.  If so, don't worry so much.  Enjoy life.  It isn't incredibly long and most of it isn't fun.(I apologize if this offends.  Like I said.  My empathy gene is overactive and the comments worried me.)

Sorry, it wasn't meant to be understood that way - it was meant to be understood more like the way Jacquy Pfeiffer talks about the French concept of food in Kings of Pastry.  (my synopsis follows) If you're only going to have a small amount, then have the best.   That way you will not feel that you have missed something when it is finished.

It is exactly to avoid that feeling of missing something at the end (and to thereby avoid stress), that I don't prefer fiction whose primary point is to escape.   (Unless it's the best, of course, and my 'best' includes 'rich with second, third, fourth flavors and as many textures as can possibly work together.').


Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 16, 2012, 06:22:47 PM
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From my perspective that kind of objective use of right and wrong as terminology is every bit as uncomfortable as good and evil, and to save the life of a serial killer such that he continues killing is not by any means defensible as doing the right thing;

I am stretching this a bit but this is why I got to the point that I can hardly stand Batman. His continued failure to kill the Joker has led to the slaughter of thousands with the accompanying despair of those left behind. He has allowed this not because of any greater good but only for his personal satifaction of not taking a life. Rather than any nobility, I find him selfish and unbalanced.

When writing, I like to try to see things from the antagonist's point of view. For one thing it helps to keep me from "cheating" by having the protagonist succeed only because of the antagonist's stupidity.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 16, 2012, 06:25:43 PM
When writing, I like to try to see things from the antagonist's point of view. For one thing it helps to keep me from "cheating" by having the protagonist succeed only because of the antagonist's stupidity.

I completely support your efforts in this arena.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 16, 2012, 08:51:43 PM
OK.  From my perspective that kind of objective use of right and wrong as terminology is every bit as uncomfortable as good and evil, and to save the life of a serial killer such that he continues killing is not by any means defensible as doing the right thing; some of my writing is exploring that, because I am tired of characters who make judgements based on what appears immediately right and wrong before their noses without considering the longer-term consequences.

Would depend a lot to me on what the personal desires are, and how accurately the good of others is seen.  I mean, where would you count a character whose personal primary motivation is To Be A Good Person, and who goes around helping other people out of the purely selfish desire to count as someone good ?  (Not hypocritically or to be perceived as good in the community, but to be able to honestly see themselves as sincerely and genuinely good ?)

How is that selfish?  Reasons behind helping people don't matter.  I get payed to mentor at risk teens.  I go to work to get payed.  I picked the job because I like helping people.  Is it selfish that I wouldn't do so without getting paid?  No.

On the topic of actions being right with bad consequences.  We cannot foresee the consequences of our actions.  We should not be judged for consequences that cannot be foreseen.  All we, as fallible humans, can do is what is right in the moment.

On the subject of do I want the villain to be a second hero with a different philosophy than the hero?  Hell no, possibly an antagonist for a while, but not a villain.  That's whats called a hero.  In the end they compromise with the other hero and figure things out in such a way as to stop the people that are honestly the villains. Because there are honestly people worth being cast as villains and I loathe stories where a bunch of sides that are all trying to do the right thing end up butchering each other due to lack of communication, closed minded characters, and the author trying to be gritty and shocking.  They make me feel sick to my stomach and hate the characters for being idiots.  But I like my heroes rational enough to try to avoid senseless violence. 
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 16, 2012, 09:51:16 PM

On the topic of actions being right with bad consequences.  We cannot foresee the consequences of our actions.  We should not be judged for consequences that cannot be foreseen. 

Why ever not?   

Why should the future hand us a blank responsibility check, to do anything we want so long as we have an "I didn't know!" excuse?

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and I loathe stories where a bunch of sides that are all trying to do the right thing end up butchering each other due to lack of communication,

I have to say I very much like storyshapes such as Lem's Fiasco and Brust's To Reign in Hell.

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They make me feel sick to my stomach and hate the characters for being idiots.

Well, but wouldn't this be rather close to judging those same characters for unforeseen consequences to their actions?   

  The reader can foresee  the consequence of communicating in a particular way to clear a minor problem, but if the character cannot have the same vision and does something else instead, wouldn't  the principle of 'doing what seems right in the moment'  excuse the character?



Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 16, 2012, 10:56:36 PM
Why ever not?   



Because we are only human.  Some actions have obvious consequences.  Most don't.  Today I wound up watching X-men 3 with a client because in 2006 I went to a specific showing of X-men 3 that got me a job that showed me where I wanted to take my life.(Quite literally kicked off the chain of events that led me to who I am today.)  That is an entirely unforeseeable chain of events.   That isn't a blank responsability check, but doing the right thing as often as possible is better than the path of doing nothing that worrying about consequences too much leads to.

Basically speaking, intent is the only thing worth judging people on.  Otherwise you hold people up to an impossible standard.  If you hold yourself to that standard you will destroy yourself with self-recrimination.  It isn't a healthy approach to life.

Now I will say that people should always think about the consequences of their actions and try to minimize the bad but to judge somebody based on the potential or unforeseen consequences of their actions is awful.

As to the character thing.  it isn't judging the characters so much as hating that a writer would choose to do that to their readers.  There are reasons to read.  TO watch something that feels like a horrible car accident for hours on end isn't a very good one.  It's why i don't like game of thrones.  The whole time I feel sick knowing that bad things are going to happen to these people.  I don't want to see that happen.  But I'm too far into the series to stop.  The further I read though, the sicker I feel.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 01:08:14 AM
How is that selfish?  Reasons behind helping people don't matter.

If you're neither arguing for intent nor for results here, that seems to me to leave an interestingly narrow window for actually analysing, or justifying the morality your stories explore.

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On the topic of actions being right with bad consequences.  We cannot foresee the consequences of our actions.

Not unto the end of the universe, no.  But, to take an example that should be familiar to all of us, if your protagonist has a choice between saving his girlfriend and starting a war, and he picks starting a war knowing full well it will happen, that's a consequence he can foresee and be held responsible for.

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On the subject of do I want the villain to be a second hero with a different philosophy than the hero?  Hell no, possibly an antagonist for a while, but not a villain.  That's whats called a hero.  In the end they compromise with the other hero and figure things out in such a way as to stop the people that are honestly the villains.

You think every possible hero is by definition capable of compromising with every other possible hero ?

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I loathe stories where a bunch of sides that are all trying to do the right thing end up butchering each other due to lack of communication, closed minded characters,

How about, due to genuine, deep, intractable and real philosophical differences ?
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: superpsycho on August 17, 2012, 01:14:09 AM
There is a large range between due diligence and criminal negligence in decision making as well as motivation. There are those who have no problem doing others harm if they gain from it. And there are those who actually enjoy hurting others for a range of reasons. An author can choose from any of them and give any level of caring they please.

But an author has to decide who their audience is. Knowing what their audience expects and wants in their villains and heroes should be central in an author’s thinking, unless of course they’re writing just to have something to do. An author also has to decide, how much explanation and justification their audience can deal with before they’re bored silly.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: gatordave96 on August 17, 2012, 02:11:10 AM
I think the latest version of the Joker worked so well because we were never really sure what motivated the guy.  He told several stories about how he got his "smile," and each one of them pretty grim.  But he gave a different story seemingly at the drop of the hat.

I think we can all relate to someone who has gone "bad" because of unusual or tragic circumstances in their life, but the Joker kept us guessing as to what that might be.  That was unique.

Also, I think some of the greatest villains aren't necessarily ones who think they're right, but know that they're wrong and relish in believing that they're above or beyond the normal morals.  For example, Hannibal Lechter worked as a villain because he knew he was a killer, but thought himself beyond the rules of society -- "I ate his liver with some fava beans and a nice Chianti."  The same was true of the Joker.

Other villains are memorable simply because they are a complete badass -- like Darth Vader in the "A New Hope."  Or Agent Smith in "The Matrix."  Definitely not people to mess with.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Aminar on August 17, 2012, 03:08:13 AM
If you're neither arguing for intent nor for results here, that seems to me to leave an interestingly narrow window for actually analysing, or justifying the morality your stories explore.

Not unto the end of the universe, no.  But, to take an example that should be familiar to all of us, if your protagonist has a choice between saving his girlfriend and starting a war, and he picks starting a war knowing full well it will happen, that's a consequence he can foresee and be held responsible for.

You think every possible hero is by definition capable of compromising with every other possible hero ?

How about, due to genuine, deep, intractable and real philosophical differences ?

There aren't logical philosophical differences too deep to compromise in an altruistic morality.  Compromise can always be made if everyone works towards the concept of compromise.  There are cultural ones, but not cultural ones based in rationality.  Nobody should be so ingrained in a tradition so deeply they cannot bypass it.  (Now, most people are, but I find irredeemable cultural differences to be an obnoxious plot device.  It encourages closed mindedness.  Shouldn't stories be about making things better, not stagnating and giving in to the same problems we deal with every day?  Shouldn't they be a pathway to making people think past and through problems?

And you will never see me defending Harry's actions in Grave Peril.  He should have been much much sneakier.  She deserved to die, but the blame should have been pinned on somebody else.  Perhaps Mavra.  Or whoever the real villain of the story is.  I can however forgive him for doing it because I understand the anger he felt.  That doesn't mean he did the right thing.(I'd rather not go into the morality of lying here, but I will say that lying is appropriate to manipulate outcomes for the best.  Don't tell the kids I work with that I said that though.)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Nickeris86 on August 17, 2012, 08:21:15 AM
i never put my villains in a situation where I would have to write them harming a child, teenagers (16 and over) are fair game. I am ok with giving vague descriptions of the aftermath of something like that to build up how purely evil the particular son of a bitch is.

For my villains,  unless they are completely alien (insane or otherworldly) in their thinking, they always have a reason. Now that reason may not make much sense or could simply be to cold and calculating for most people but its still a reason.

It also depends on how i want the audience to react to the character. If I want them to despise this guy and cheer when he gets whats coming to him then he is going to do somethings that are going to make you hate him. If i want them to sympathies with them then i work that in somehow. Then their are the ones who i want the reader to love to hate, like the Joker. No one roots for him, well no one that i would want on my Christmas card list anyway, but we love him all the same.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 17, 2012, 02:16:33 PM
Actually I can't stand the Joker but that's beside the point. I know what you are talking about. For me a villain is a villain. What he would do or how far he would go to do it would depend on his or her motivation. If he is a serial killer, he might do things that he wouldn't if he were an enemy soldier. Someone like Fidelias (codex Alera) might do horrible things because he feels it is necessary for the greater good. Another villain (antagonist is probably a better word here )might be a ruthless business man that would never physically hurt someone but has absolutely no problem leaving them and their family destitute. Like good heroes, good villains need to be more than two dimensional cardboard cutouts. They need to have reasons, whether simple or complex, for doing the things that they do. One of my gripes with the most recent movie Joker was that it was never clear to me what his motivation was (crazy may be part of the motivation but by itself it is not enough for me. )

As far as violence against women, children, the elderly, etc. it would again depend on the villains motivation. One thing that I will not do is spend a long time describing the violence being done. I, for instance, understand a book where the plot is driven by a man wanting revenge because the bad guys raped, killed and tortured his family. I don't need the author to spend 100 pages describing the brutality in glowing detail. That's one reason that I avoid a lot of horror movies. 
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 02:21:48 PM
One of my gripes with the most recent movie Joker was that it was never clear to me what his motivation was (crazy may be part of the motivation but by itself it is not enough for me. )

I never bought that he was crazy, fwiw, at least not in the whole avatar of chaos sense he loudly proclaims; what success he achieves is tied to repeatedly out-thinking and out-organising everyone else on screen.  As far as motivations go, watching what he does and ignoring what he says leads me to believe he's a) convinced humanity are irredeemably horrible and b) primarily motivated by a desire to rub their noses in it, which the movie refutes when the Plain People of Gotham in the boats refuse to go along with the Joker's scheme; the one place his plans falter is with people in general being morally better than he relies on.  (And a large part of what I found unsatisfying about Dark Knight Rises is the total undercutting of that.)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 02:34:30 PM
There aren't logical philosophical differences too deep to compromise in an altruistic morality.  Compromise can always be made if everyone works towards the concept of compromise.

Consider this, then.  Group A get hold of time-travel technology.  Group A see this as an opportunity to prevent historical atrocities, and set about doing so.  Group B note that the changes group A make to prevent atrocities will have other, butterfly-effect-type knock-on consequences, such that if they change events a few centuries back in time, it's likely that everyone now alive in the world will be replaced by someone different. Group B are therefore implacably opposed to group A, despite that each of them are motivated entirely altruistically.

I pick this example because it's been done more than once in genre, and with either group as the heroes.

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There are cultural ones, but not cultural ones based in rationality.  Nobody should be so ingrained in a tradition so deeply they cannot bypass it.  (Now, most people are, but I find irredeemable cultural differences to be an obnoxious plot device.  It encourages closed mindedness.

And what if a character were to perceive your position on rationality and altruism as itself a culture-specific position of yours, and one you are being closed-minded about asserting must take precedence over other people's ? Could you buy such a character as a hero ?

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Shouldn't stories be about making things better, not stagnating and giving in to the same problems we deal with every day?  Shouldn't they be a pathway to making people think past and through problems?

That's a different and knottier set of questions, but even granting for the sake of argument that it would be preferable for stories to have a positive impact in the world, I am not at all seeing how you go from your avowed perspectives in the above paragraphs to the answers you seem to be implying in this one.  (Please do correct me if I misread you.)

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I can however forgive him for doing it because I understand the anger he felt.

I'd note that you're clearly operating from a different moral perspective to me, here.  On the other hand, most of my characters operate from different moral perspectives than I do, too; it would be very boring to only be able to write sympathetic characters if you agreed with them, or unsympathetic characters if you didn't.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Dresdenus Prime on August 17, 2012, 03:06:02 PM
Here's a question about writing a villian that doesn't add to this discussion, but rather than create a new topic I figure I would just post it in this one -

Is it plausible to write your first book of a series and introduce one of the primary series villains in Book 1? The end of the story would basically be a, "I'll get you next time Gadget!" moment. But I wasn't sure if this would be a bad choice - if I should concentrate on a lower level antagonist.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 03:40:45 PM
Is it plausible to write your first book of a series and introduce one of the primary series villains in Book 1? The end of the story would basically be a, "I'll get you next time Gadget!" moment. But I wasn't sure if this would be a bad choice - if I should concentrate on a lower level antagonist.

I think so.  I mean, it depends on how compelling your lower-level antagonist is; whatever your concerns about selling the series, it won't get anywhere if the first book doesn't sell in and of itself, so whatever makes it strongest. (How long are you envisioning your series ?)
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Dresdenus Prime on August 17, 2012, 04:06:53 PM
This would definately be one of those, "As long as I can think up good stories then I'll keep writing about this character," much like Dresden or Atticus of the Iron Druid Chronicles.

But sometimes in books, sort of like in The Dresden Files, there are enemies or enemy groups waiting in the shadows for their time to shine, for example the Black Council. This Villian I've been cooking up has a lot of history with the hero and would almost be like a, "look in the mirror and see your dark side," kind of character(Still tinkering with that), but I don't want to throw too much oomph into Book 1 and then have this villian be less interesting to readers down the road when he returns.

On the other hand like you say Neuro I want to make my book strong, and I think this antagonist and his history with my character would be a great addition to the story
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 04:37:57 PM
This would definately be one of those, "As long as I can think up good stories then I'll keep writing about this character," much like Dresden or Atticus of the Iron Druid Chronicles.

I've not read the Iron Druid books and can't speak to their pacing, but Jim's said a fair bit to indicate that the large-scale story structure of the DF has been to some extent defined since before they saw print; there's new cool stuff coming in to them as he thinks of it, iirc Changes was around book ten on the original plan, and there was the DB/PG swap, but I do get the impression Jim knows where he's going in the BAT and the major beats that will hit between now and then, so I don't think of the DF as "will keep writing more about this character as ideas arrive" rather than following a larger plot that will ultimately have a defined resolution.

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But sometimes in books, sort of like in The Dresden Files, there are enemies or enemy groups waiting in the shadows for their time to shine, for example the Black Council.

I'd note, looking at the DF, that both SF and FM are fairly standalone; had the series not done well, I don't think only having those two of books, or just SF would have felt like a drastic lack of closure, and it's only in GP that the larger-arc elements get foregrounded.  (I'd also argue that there's a notable change after DB in terms of how standalone the books are, and how much they feel like chapters of a larger ongoing arc, but I read that as having got from the beginning to the middle of the overall story.)

Indeed, thinking of the DF as a whole as a detective story, the Black Council were introduced in book 8, or a third of the way through, so I'm inclined to think we could be fairly close to a big reveal that Harry's totally wrong about there being a Black Council behind everything, and that their purpose in the series-scale mystery-plot is "initially plausible wrong hypothesis that the detective chases for a while and gets into deeper trouble thereby".

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This Villian I've been cooking up has a lot of history with the hero and would almost be like a, "look in the mirror and see your dark side," kind of character(Still tinkering with that), but I don't want to throw too much oomph into Book 1 and then have this villian be less interesting to readers down the road when he returns.

How much of that history would you want to get into book 1, then, and how much could legitimately be saved for later volumes ?
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Dresdenus Prime on August 17, 2012, 05:22:24 PM
How much of that history would you want to get into book 1, then, and how much could legitimately be saved for later volumes ?

There is the million dollar question. If this guy is the villian of book 1, I obviously need to reveal some history between him and the hero, for example the villian ran over the hero's dog, and now they are bitter enemies, but I can't just give everything away, because then what's the point of writing more.......of course this is just with one villian, whereas there are usually many.

But like I said my current plan is to make this guy one of the primary series villains, so I have to leave some of the mystery for later. Maybe instead of the primary villian I should cast him in more of a supportive role or cameo, where he's in charge of the villian going after the hero. I'm not sure. Stuff to figure out! That's why I'm here!  ;D
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 05:49:28 PM
But like I said my current plan is to make this guy one of the primary series villains, so I have to leave some of the mystery for later. Maybe instead of the primary villian I should cast him in more of a supportive role or cameo, where he's in charge of the villian going after the hero. I'm not sure. Stuff to figure out! That's why I'm here!  ;D

A larger-scale series villain for whom the initial villains you see are catspaws could certainly be done, yes.

This may be just me, but I am rather drawn to the notion of relatively small-scale villains who, when defeated, plausibly fake evidence for a larger-scale villain, or traitor on the hero's side, who does not really exist, so that the hero then becomes somewhat paranoid and wastes time and energy looking for that traitor or villain.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Dresdenus Prime on August 17, 2012, 06:00:53 PM
What about a villian who is around for a better part of the story?

Take Storm Front for example,
(click to show/hide)
He spends the book sending things after Harry. But we only meet him and do battle with him at the end of the book.

I almost want to write mine more like a James Bond film (Haven't read the books) where you meet the Villian early on, but there's no justification to go after him or do battle until later on.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: THE_ANGRY_GAMER on August 17, 2012, 06:52:22 PM
For me, the best villains are not made evil by what they do, or what they want to achieve, but by the way they go about it.

A villain in the sci-fi story I've been writing/revising for several years now is where many heroes would be - he's trying to defend his nation and stamp out terrorism. Problem is, he has absolutely no concept of limiting colatteral damage; at one point, he eradicates a hospital because a suspected resistance sympathiser has gone for treatment there. What TVTropes calls the Well-Intentioned Extremist (http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/WellIntentionedExtremist).
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 07:04:38 PM
One thing that's always bugged me about so many recent fictional examples of a supposed moral dilemma in that general direction is that the question always seems to boil down to "is it right for us to torture X to find out the bit of information needed to save Y when it's the only way to get that information ?".  I don't think I've ever seen anything talking to "is it right for us to steal the Hope Diamond and give it to Y" or "is it right for us to have wild monkey sex of the sort Y's always dreamed of" if those are ways of getting the information out of Y, instead.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: THE_ANGRY_GAMER on August 17, 2012, 07:39:22 PM
One thing that's always bugged me about so many recent fictional examples of a supposed moral dilemma in that general direction is that the question always seems to boil down to "is it right for us to torture X to find out the bit of information needed to save Y when it's the only way to get that information ?".  I don't think I've ever seen anything talking to "is it right for us to steal the Hope Diamond and give it to Y" or "is it right for us to have wild monkey sex of the sort Y's always dreamed of" if those are ways of getting the information out of Y, instead.

Because having wild monkey sex with their kidnappers isn't something that many people want to do? Plus, a lot of these dilemmas happen on a timescale in which stealing the Hope Diamond wouldn't be practicable.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 17, 2012, 07:55:17 PM
Because having wild monkey sex with their kidnappers isn't something that many people want to do?

Which would make it a genuine sacrifice for the characters (well, unless they were An*ta Bl*ke, for whom it would be business as usual in the last eight books or so) and hence more interesting, to my mind.

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Plus, a lot of these dilemmas happen on a timescale in which stealing the Hope Diamond wouldn't be practicable.

Fair comment; the more general idea was why the dilemma is so much more often framed as torturing the antagonist rather than bribing or seducing them and I think that stands as a more general point, though.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: o_O on August 17, 2012, 08:08:06 PM

Fair comment; the more general idea was why the dilemma is so much more often framed as torturing the antagonist rather than bribing or seducing them and I think that stands as a more general point, though.

Bribing and seducing are generally perceived as 'cleaner' than torture and the writer is trying to be edgy and immediate instead of trying to explain the diffuse badness (or slow corruption) of bribing/seduction?
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 18, 2012, 03:59:28 AM
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Consider this, then.  Group A get hold of time-travel technology.  Group A see this as an opportunity to prevent historical atrocities, and set about doing so.

I have somewhere in the last year or so read an interesting story where someone goes back in time to kill Hitler as a baby or young child but finds themself unable to kill a child in cold blood. A very interesting dilemna. I like stories that make me think.

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(well, unless they were An*ta Bl*ke, for whom it would be business as usual in the last eight books or so)

You caught me off guard with this one. Luckily I wasn't drinking anything or I would have flushed out my sinus cavities.

Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: OZ on August 18, 2012, 04:01:50 AM
DP are you wanting the villain to be the main guy from the beginning and working through catspaws, a minor villain in the beginning that receives some sort of "power up", or someone who is not a villain in the beginning but becomes one for one reason or another? Of course the first two can sometimes be combined. You can have a minor villain that is scheming from the beginning to acquire more power and when successful becomes a more serious villain.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: the neurovore of Zur-En-Aargh on August 19, 2012, 03:10:37 AM
You caught me off guard with this one. Luckily I wasn't drinking anything or I would have flushed out my sinus cavities.

Ok, so that one's only half a skull on the side of the keyboard.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Snowleopard on August 19, 2012, 05:59:23 AM
As with everybody else - this is just my opinion.
On TV, Movies and in books - I truly hate the UberVillain.
The guy who seems to be bad for evil's sake and is rather like an ebony Energizer bunny always
coming back again and again and making the good guy(s) dance to his or her tunes.
Red Jack on the Mentalist, whoever killed the lady police officer's dad on Castle, Jack and Jill from the Profiler.  (I truly hated that show because it seemed to me - to be about some sicko making the profiler play his twisted game.  It was, in a sense, a form of rape and, as I said, I dispised it.)
Kay Scarpetta by P. Cornwall has had to deal with that kind of UberNut.
  I've written different kinds of villain sdepending on what I needed.  The female villain in my big work is a business woman from a culture where woman aren't usually business CEOs.  This has made her cold and ruthless and driven to succeed but she has a reason for what she does - not usually motivated to torture or maime.  Her second in command is male, outspoken, and not involved with her.  (Didn't want villain and second being a couple - doesn't always work so well.)
The hero is picked to be the scapegoat for a horrific crime simply because he's not impressed by her, nor seducible by her and is something of a leader among the others of his station.
  Conversely in another story - the villain, again female, is bat-shit crazy but very smart - and very, very driven - she does like to torture and torment.
 (Hmmmm, just noticed I seem to have several female villains - Not so sure what that means. ???)

  The Sociopath works for some villains and the driven/going about it the wrong way works for others.
It's what you need your villain to be and/or do that's gonna shape what you create.

I do agree with not being graphic with violence - I don't need to read 30 pages of blood and guts.  For some they like that kind of thing - I don't.  You can show/illustrate violence without soaking the pages in blood and body fluids.  Like in the first hellboy when the old professor is killed - you see a splatter of blood on the bible - not a lot of dwelling on it.  More poignant and more powerful.

I will say that I once heard an actor who often played villains say that playing villains was more fun than playing heros.  Because a hero is constrained, usually unless it's an anti-hero, to a certain set of actions while a villain can be anything from good to pure evil.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Nickeris86 on August 24, 2012, 02:51:45 AM
I agree that a villain that is knows they are evil, not just bad, and doesn't care is boring. It falls into the Saturday morning cartoon thread of villainy. Now that's not to say that someone can have a purpose in their villainy but they are so consumed by they're insanity that its impossible to make since of it until its to late. There are also cases, usually with serial killers, where they killed just for the sake of killing. No methodology, no reason, no passion, just hey their a person and there's a sharp rock that needs to meet their head.

There was a particularly disturbing case several years ago in the USA where a guy was responsible for like twenty to thirty deaths nation wide that were discovered. Nothing connected the deaths he just did it for the heck of it. Very scary. Also very very very rare thank god.

Now i think that this type of villain would only work in a crime drama of some sort. Most murders are filled with some kind of motivation, even the truly sick ones.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Snowleopard on August 24, 2012, 06:13:13 AM
Once in awhile even Saturday morning villains can be different.
Years and years ago when I was a kid watched a very early animated TV cartoon.
Typical good guy and his sidekicks and bad guy and his minions.
On one episode one of the minions got stuck in a swamp - one of the sidekicks happened by and
helped it get loose.
Well, both sidekick and minion come down with some swamp sickness.
Good guy can't do anything for his friend but villain has a cure for his minion.
Just when all hope seems lost for the sidekick - someone leaves the cure outside their headquarters.
It was the villain - basically doing a tit for tat thing.  For a show of that time it was unexpected.
Title: Re: Writing villains
Post by: Galvatron on September 19, 2012, 02:21:29 PM
Some ramblings of mine I came up with sitting here at work.

I think the best villains are the realistic ones, the ones I/we can identify with.  There are times where the over the top villains works, one that comes to mind is Joker in the Dark Knight.  I think what made that work was everyone else in the story explaining just how crazy the Joker was.

Another example of a great evil villain that comes to mind is Hannibal Lector.  In Silence of the Lambs he is not acting like a good guy, he is straight up evil, I mean come on he eats people!

But he is also not just doing bad things for the sake of it.  He plays a long, bides his time, and then when the moment is right rips someone’s face off.  He is one of the more memorable characters in movie history not because he is evil, but because he is smart, cunning, even charming, because you want to see him and hear what he has to say.  Oh and he just happens to be out of his mind, but that’s just one of things that makes this bad guy stand out so much.  Without all the personality he would be just another serial killer.  It’s the little things that take Hannibal from being a law and order episode bad guy to being Hannibal Lector.

And the cool part about writing, you can control your villains performance you don’t need a great actor to do it for you!

Now for my favorite type of antagonist.

I enjoy reading characters that are at conflict with the main character, they don’t have to be evil they simply need a different point of view or a goal that directly opposes the protagonist. 

Here is a cool situation to think about, in stories about the American Civil War, who are the good guys?

The answer to that will depend a great deal on where you grew up (if you are American), or in a lot of stories, which side of the country the main character is from.  Some examples that come to mind, in AMC’s Hell On Wheels the main character is a southerner and a lot of times when you see Yankee soldiers  they are presented as antagonists, they aren’t evil, they just oppose the main character. 

In that show the antagonist is constantly changing, it just depends on what the main characters current goals are at the time.

I think that is one of the things that A Song of Ice and Fire does right, you get everyone’s point of view, some characters are clearly more moral than others, but it is left to you to decide who you want cheer for.  And as anyone that reads that series and has friends that also read it no doubt knows, people of have plenty of differing opinions on which house is the best.

Good characters that are at odds create good conflict and a good story, having one of those characters lack morals and do bad things is fine, but if he is doing those bad things for a good well thought out reason instead of just being evil for evils sake, then I enjoy it much more.

Protagonist/ antagonist instead of Good guy/ Bad guy.  That’s my favorite.